References

Age, relationship status, and the planning status of births
Sarah Hayford, Karen Guzzo
Demographic Research, Volume 23, Article 13

Bachrach, C. and Newcomer, S. (1999). Intended Pregnancies and Unintended Pregnancies: Distinct Categories or Opposite Ends of a Continuum? Family Planning Perspectives 31(5): 251-252. [ doi:10.2307/2991577 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Boonstra, H.D., Gold, R.B., Richards, C.L., and Finer, L.B. (2006). Abortion in Women’s Lives. New York: Guttmacher Institute.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Bradburn, E.M., Berger, R., Xiaojile, L., Katharin, P., and Rooney, K. (2003). A Descriptive Summary of 1999-2000 Bachelor’s Degree Recipients 1 Year Later: With an Analysis of Time to Degree. Washington, D.C.: National Center for Education Statistics, Statistical Analysis Report (NCES-2003-165).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Brown, S. (2000). Fertility Following Marital Dissolution: The Role of Cohabitation. Journal of Family Issues 21: 501-524. [ doi:10.1177/019251300021004005 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Bumpass, L.L. and Lu, H.-H. (2000). Trends in Cohabitation and Implications for Chidlren’s Family Contexts in the United States. Population Studies 54(1): 29-41. [ doi:10.1080/713779060 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2010). National Center for Health Statistics [electronic resource]. [ http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss.htm ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Chandra, A., Martinez, G.M., Mosher, W.D., Abma, J.C., and Jones, J. (2005). Fertility, Family Planning, and the Reproductive Health of U.S. Women: Data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Health Statistics (23(5)).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Crissey, S.R. (2005). Effect of Pregnancy Intentions on Child Well-Being and Development: Combining Retrospective Reports of Attitude and Contraceptive Use. Population Research and Policy Review 24(6): 593-615. [ doi:10.1007/s11113-005-5734-1 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Edin, K., England, P., Shafer, E.F., and Reed, J. (2007). Forming Fragile Families: Was the Baby Planned, Unplanned, or in Between? In: England, P. and Edin, K. (eds.). Unmarried Couples With Children. New York: Russell Sage Foundation: 25-54.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Edwards, M.E. (2002). Education and Occupations: Reexamining the Conventional Wisdom About Later First Births Among American Mothers. Sociological Forum 17: 423-443. [ doi:10.1023/A:1019679023616 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Ellwood, D.T. and Jencks, C. (2004). The Uneven Spread of Single Parent Families: What Do We Know? Where Do We Look for Answers? In: Neckerman, K.M. (ed.). Social Inequality. New York: Russell Sage Foundation: 3-77.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Finer, L.B. and Henshaw, S.K. (2006). Disparities in Rates of Unintended Pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 38(2): 90-6. [ doi:10.1363/3809006 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Guzman, L., Manlove, J., and Moore, K. (2006). The Intendedness of Childbearing: Taking a Closer Look at Its Meaning. Los Angeles, CA (Population Association of America Annual Meetings).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Hagewen, K.J. and Morgan, S.P. (2005). Intended Parity and Ideal Family Size in the United States, 1970-2005. Population and Development Review 31(3): 507-527.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Henshaw, S.K. (1998). Unintended Pregnancy in the United States. Family Planning Perspectives 30(1): 24-46. [ doi:10.2307/2991522 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Heuveline, P. and Timberlake, J.M. (2004). The Role of Cohabitation in Family Formation: The United States in Comparative Perspective. Journal of Marriage and Family 66(5): 1214-1230. [ doi:10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00088.x ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Hummer, R.A., Hack, K.A., and Raley, R.K. (2004). Retrospective Reports of Pregnancy Wantedness and Child Well-Being in the United States. Journal of Family Issues 25(3): 404-428. [ doi:10.1177/0192513X03257712 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Jones, R.K. and Kost, K. (2007). Underreporting of Induced and Spontaneous Abortion in the United States: An Analysis of the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Studies in Family Planning 38(3): 187-197. [ doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2007.00130.x ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Joyce, T.J., Kaestner, R., and Korenman, S. (2002). Retrospective Assessments of Pregnancy Intention. Demography 39(1): 199-213. [ doi:10.1353/dem.2002.0006 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Kennedy, S. and Bumpass, L. (2008). Cohabitation and Children’s Living Arrangements: New Estimates from the United States. Demographic Research 19(47): 1663-1692. [ doi:10.4054/DemRes.2008.19.47 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Kiernan, K. (2002). Cohabitation in Western Europe: Trends, Issues, and Implications. In: Booth, A. and Crouter, A.C. (eds.). Just Living Together: Implications of Cohabitation on Families, Children, and Social Policy. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum: 3-31.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Korenman, S., Kaestner, R., and Joyce, T.J. (2001). Unintended Pregnancy and the Consequences of Nonmarital Childbearing. In: Wu, L.L. and Wolfe, B. (eds.). Out of Wedlock: Causes and Consequences of Nonmarital Fertility. New York: Russell Sage Foundation: 259-286.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Koropeckyj-Cox, T., Pienta, A.M., and Brown, T.H. (2007). Women of the 1950s and the “Normative” Life Course: The Implications of Childlessness, Fertility, and Marital Status for Psychological Well-Being in Late Midlife. International Journal of Aging and Human Development 64: 299-330. [ doi:10.2190/8PTL-P745-58U1-3330 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Landale, N.S. and Fennelly, K. (1992). Informal Unions Among Mainland Puerto Ricans: Cohabitation or an Alternative to Legal Marriage. Journal of Marriage and the Family 54: 269-280. [ doi:10.2307/353058 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Landale, N.S. and Oropesa, R.S. (2007). Hispanic Families: Stability and Change. Annual Review of Sociology 33: 381-405. [ doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.33.040406.131655 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Loomis, L.S. and Landale, N.S. (1994). Nonmarital Cohabitation and Childbearing among Black and White American Women. Journal of Marriage and Family 56(4): 949-962. [ doi:10.2307/353605 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Manning, W.D. (2001). Childbearing in Cohabiting Unions: Racial and Ethnic Differences. Family Planning Perspectives 33(5): 217-223. [ doi:10.2307/2673785 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Manning, W.D. and Landale, N.S. (1996). Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Role of Cohabitation in Premarital Childbearing. Journal of Marriage and the Family 58: 63-77. [ doi:10.2307/353377 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Martin, J.A., Hamilton, B.E., Sutton, P.D., Ventura, S.J., Menacker, F., Kirmeyer, S., and Mathews, T.J. (2009). Births: Final Data for 2006. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics Reports (57(7)).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Martin, S.P. (2004). Delayed Marriage and Childbearing: Implications and Measurement of Diverging Trends in Family Timing. In: Neckerman, K.M. (ed.). Social Inequality. New York: Russell Sage Foundation: 79-118.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Martinez, G.M., Chandra, A., Abma, J.C., Jones, J., and Mosher, W.D. (2006). Fertility, Contraception, and Fatherhood: Data on Men and Women from Cycle 6 (2002) of the National Survey of Family Growth. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Health Statistics (23(26)).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Matthews, T.J and Hamilton, B.E. (2009). Delayed Childbearing: More Women are Having Their First Child Later in Life. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, NCHS Data Brief (No. 29).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

McLanahan, S. (2004). Diverging Destinies: How Children Are Faring Under the Second Demographic Transition. Demography 41(4): 607-627. [ doi:10.1353/dem.2004.0033 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Miller, W.B. (1986). Proception: An Important Fertility Behavior. Demography 23(4): 579-594. [ doi:10.2307/2061352 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Minciele, L., Manlove, J., McGarrett, M., Moore, K., and Ryan, S. (2007). The Relationship Context of Births Outside of Marriage: The Rise of Cohabitation. Washington, DC: Child Trends, Child Trends Research Brief (2007-13).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Mirowsky, J. and Ross, C.E. (2002). Depression, Parenthood, and Age at First Birth. Social Science and Medicine 54: 1281-1298. [ doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00096-X ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Morgan, S.P. (1996). Characteristic Features of Modern American Fertility: A Description of Late Twentieth-Century US Fertility Trends and Differentials. Population and Development Review 22(Supplement: Fertility in the United States: New Patterns, New Theories): 1-45.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Morgan, S.P. (2003). Is Low Fertility a Twenty-First-Century Demographic Crisis? Demography 40(4): 589-603. [ doi:10.1353/dem.2003.0037 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Morgan, S.P. and Rindfuss, R.R. (1999). Reexamining the Link of Early Chidlbearing to Marriage and to Subsequent Fertility. Demography 36(1): 56-75. [ doi:10.2307/2648134 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Musick, K. (2002). Planned and Unplanned Childbearing among Unmarried Women. Journal of Marriage and the Family 64(4): 915-929. [ doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00915.x ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Musick, K. (2007). Cohabitation, Nonmarital Childbearing, and the Marriage Process. Demographic Research 16(9): 249-286. [ doi:10.4054/DemRes.2007.16.9 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Oropesa, R.S. (1996). Normative Beliefs about Marriage and Cohabitation: A Comparison of Non-Latino Whites, Mexican Americans, and Puerto Ricans. Journal of Marriage and the Family 58(49-62): 10.2307/353376.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Raley, R.K. (2001). Increasing Fertility in Cohabiting Unions: Evidence for the Second Demographic Transition in the United States? Demography 38(1): 59-66. [ doi:10.1353/dem.2001.0008 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Rindfuss, R.R., Morgan, S.P., and Offutt, K. (1996). Education and the Changing Age Pattern of American Fertility: 1963-1989. Demography 33(3): 277-290. [ doi:10.2307/2061761 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Rindfuss, R.R., Morgan, S.P., and Swicegood, C.G. (1988). First Births in America: Changes in the Timing of Parenthood. Berkeley University of California Press.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Rossier, C. (2003). Estimating Induced Abortion Rates: A Review. Studies in Family Planning 34(2): 87-102. [ doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2003.00087.x ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Schoen, R., Kim, Y.J., Nathanson, C.A., Fields, J., and Astone, N.M. (1997). Why Do Americans Want Children? Population and Development Review 23(2): 333-358. [ doi:10.2307/2137548 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Sullivan, R. (2005). The Age Pattern of First-Birth Rates Among U.S. Women: The Bimodal 1990s. Demography 42(2): 259-273. [ doi:10.1353/dem.2005.0018 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Thomson, E. and Brandreth, Y. (1995). Measuring Fertility Demand. Demography 32(1): 81-96. [ doi:10.2307/2061898 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Thornton, A. and Young-DeMarco, L. (2001). Four Decades of Trends in Attitudes Toward Family Issues in the United States: The 1960s Through the 1990s. Journal of Marriage and the Family 63(4): 1009-1037. [ doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2001.01009.x ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Trussell, J., Vaughan, B., and Stanford, J. (1999). Are All Contraceptive Failures Unintended Pregnancies? Evidence From the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth. Family Planning Perspectives 31(5): 246-247+260.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (2000). Family Planning. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office (Chapter 9 in Healthy People 2010).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

UNICEF (2001). A League Table of Teenage Births in Rich Nations. Florence, Italy: UNICEF Innocenti Research Center, Innocenti Report Card (No 3).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Ventura, S.J. (2009). Changing Patterns of Nonmarital Childbearing in the United States. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, NCHS Data Brief (No. 18).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Ventura, S.J. and Bachrach, C.A. (2000). Nonmarital Childbearing in the United States, 1940-1999. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics Reports Vol. 48 (No. 16).
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Weller, R.H., Eberstein, I.W., and Bailey, M. (1987). Pregnancy Wantedness and Maternal Behavior During Pregnancy. Demography 24: 407-412. [ doi:10.2307/2061306 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Westoff, C.F. and Ryder, N.B. (1977). The Predictive Validity of Reproductive Intentions. Demography 14(4): 431-453. [ doi:10.2307/2060589 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Williams, L. and Abma, J.C. (2000). Birth Wantedness Reports: A Look Forward and a Look Back. Social Biology 47(3-4): 147-163.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Wu, L.L. and Musick, K. (2008). Stability of Marital and Cohabiting Unions Following a First Birth. Population Research and Policy Review 27: 713-727. [ doi:10.1007/s11113-008-9093-6 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Wu, Z. and MacNeill, L. (2002). Education, Work, and Childbearing After Age 30. Journal of Comparative Family Studies 33: 191-213.
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]

Zabin, L.S. (1999). Ambivalent Feelings About Parenthood May Lead to Inconsistent Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy. Family Planning Perspectives 31(5): 250-251. [ doi:10.2307/2991576 ]
[ Download reference in RIS | BibTeX format ]