Volume 29 - Article 8 | Pages 203–232  

Fertility intentions: An approach based on the theory of planned behavior

By Icek Ajzen, Jane Klobas

References

Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press.

Download reference:

Ajzen, I. (2013). Constructing a theory of planned behavior questionnaire [electronic resource]. Amherst: University of Massachusetts.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Ajzen, I. (2011). Reflections on Morgan and Bachrach's critique. Vienna Yearbook of Population Research (9): 63-69.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Ajzen, I. (2012). The theory of planned behavior. In: Lange, P.A.M., Kruglanski, A.W., and Higgins, E.T. (eds.). Handbook of theories of social psychology. London: Sage: 438-459.

Download reference:

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50(2): 179-211.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin 84(5): 888-918.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood-Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

Download reference:

Ajzen, I. and Madden, T.J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 22(5): 453-474.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Albarracín, D., Johnson, B.T., Fishbein, M., and Muellerleile, P.A. (2001). Theories of reasoned action and planned behavior as models of condom use: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin 127(1): 142-161.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Armitage, C.J. and Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behavior: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology 40(4): 471-499.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Axinn, W.G., Clarkberg, M.E., and Thornton, A. (1994). Family influences on family size preferences. Demography 31(1): 65-79.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.

Download reference:

Barber, J.S. (2000). Intergenerational influences on the entry into parenthood: Mothers' preferences for family and nonfamily behavior. Social Forces 79(1): 319-348.

Download reference:

Billari, F.C., Philipov, D., and Testa, M.R. (2009). Attitudes, norms and perceived behavioural control: Explaining fertility intentions in Bulgaria. European Journal of Population 25(4): 439-465.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Bongaarts, J. (2001). Fertility and reproductive preferences in post-transitional societies. Population and Development Review 27(Supplement: Global Fertility Transition): 260-281.

Download reference:

Bumpass, L. and Westoff, C.S. (1969). The prediction of completed fertility. Demography 6(4): 445-454.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Chesnais, J.-C. (2000). Determinants of below replacement fertility. In: Population Bulletin of the United Nations. United Nations: 126-136.

Download reference:

Chesnais, J.-C. (). . (1996). Fertility, family, and social policy in contemporary Western Europe. Population and Development Review 22(4): 729-739.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Cheung, S.-F. and Chan, D.K.-S. (2000 [unpublished]). The role of perceived behavioral control in predicting human behavior: A meta-analytic review of studies on the theory of planned behavior. Hong Kong: Chinese University.

Download reference:

Cialdini, R.B., Reno, R.R., and Kallgren, C.A. (1990). A focus theory of normative conduct: Recycling the concept of norms to reduce littering in public places. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 58(6): 1015-1026.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Coleman, D. (1996). New patterns and trends in European fertility: International and sub-national comparisons. In: Coleman, D. (ed.). Europe's population in the 1990s. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Download reference:

d'Addio, A.C. and d'Ercole, M. (2005). Trends and Determinants of Fertility Rates in OECD Countries: The Role of Policies. Paris: OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Del Boca, D., Pasqua, S., and Pronzato, C. (2009). Motherhood and market work decisions in institutional context: a European perspective. Oxford Economic Papers 61(Supplement 1): i147-i171.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Dommermuth, L., Klobas, J., and Lappegård, T. (2011). Now or later? The theory of planned behavior and timing of fertility intentions. Advances in Life Course Research 16(1): 42-53.

Weblink:
Download reference:

East, P.L., Felice, M.E., and Morgan, M.C. (1993). Sisters' and girlfriends' sexual and childbearing behavior: Effects on early adolescent girls' sexual outcomes. Journal of Marriage and the Family 55(4): 953-963.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York: Psychology Press.

Download reference:

Gardner, B. and Abraham, C. (2010). Going green? Modeling the impact of environmental concerns and perceptions of transportation alternatives on decisions to drive. Jounal of Applied Social Psychology 40(4): 831-849.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Gibbons, F.X., Gerrard, M., Blanton, H., and Russell, D.W. (1998). Reasoned action and social reaction: Willingness and intention as independent predictors of health risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74(5): 1164-1180.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Gillmore, M.R., Archibald, M.E., Morrison, D.M., Wilsdon, A., Wells, E.A., Hoppe, M.J., Nahom, D., and Murowchick, E. (2002). Teen sexual behavior: Applicability of the theory of reasoned action. Journal of Marriage and the Family 64(4): 885-897.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Goldstein, J., Lutz, W., and Testa, M.R. (2003). The emergence of sub-replacement family size ideals in Europe. Population Research and Policy Review 22(5): 479-496.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Hagewen, K.J. and Morgan, S.P. (2005). Intended and ideal family size in the United States, 1970-2002. Population and Development Review 31(3): 507-527.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Hagger, M.S., Chatzisarantis, N.L.D., and Biddle, S.J.H. (2002). A meta-analytic review of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior in physical activity: Predictive validity and the contribution of additional variables. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 24 (1): 3-32.

Download reference:

Iacovou, M. and Tavares, L.P. (2010). Yearning, learning and conceding: (Some of) the reasons people change their childbearing intentions. Colchester, United Kingdom: University of Essex, Institute for Social and Economic Research, ISER Institute for Social & Economic Research Working Paper No. 2010-22.

Download reference:

Jaccard, J. and Davidson, A.R. (1975). A comparison of two models of social behavior: Results of a survey sample. Sociometry 38(4): 497-517.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Klobas, J. (2010). Social psychological influences on fertility intentions: A study of eight countries in different social, economic and policy contexts. Vienna, Austria: Vienna Institute for Demography: Milan, Italy: Carlo F. Dondena Centre for Research on Social Dynamics, Bocconi University, Report to the European Commission within the project “Reproductive decision-making in a macro-micro perspective” (REPRO).

Download reference:

Klobas, J.E. and Ajzen, I. (in press). Making the decision to have a child. In: Philipov, D., Liefbroer, A., and Klobas, J.E. (eds.). Reproductive decision-making in a macro-micro environment. Amsterdam: Springer.

Download reference:

Kraus, S.J. (1995). Attitudes and the prediction of behavior: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21(1): 58-75.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Langdridge, D., Sheeran, P., and Connolly, K. (2005). Understanding the reasons for parenthood. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology 23(2): 121-133.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Lesthaeghe, R. (2010). The unfolding story of the second demographic transition. Population and Development Review 36(2): 211-251.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Monnier, A. (1989). Fertility intentions and actual behaviour. A longitudinal study: 1974, 1976, 1979. Population: An English Selection 44(1): 237-259.

Download reference:

Morgan, P.S. and Bachrach, C.A. (2011). Is the theory of planned behaviour an appropriate model for human fertility? Vienna Yearbook of Population Research (9): 11-18.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Notani, A.S. (1998). Moderators of perceived behavioral control's predictiveness in the theory of planned behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consumer Psychology 7(3): 247-271.

Weblink:
Download reference:

OECD (2010b). OECD Family Database: PF1.1 Public spending on family benefits. [electronic resource]. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Weblink:
Download reference:

OECD (2010a). OECD Family Database: SF2.2: Ideal and actual number of children. [electronic resource]. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Philipov, D. (2011). Theories on fertility intentions: A demographer's perspective. Vienna Yearbook of Population Research (9): 37-45.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Philipov, D., Liefbroer, A., Klobas, J.E., and (eds.) (in press). Reproductive decision-making in a macro-micro environment. Amsterdam: Springer.

Download reference:

Quesnel-Vallée, A. (2003). Missing the target? Correspondence of fertility intentions and behavior in the U.S. Population Research and Policy Review 22(5/6): 497-525.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Randall, D.M. and Wolff, J.A. (1994). The time interval in the intention-behaviour relationship: Meta-analysis. British Journal of Social Psychology 33(4): 405-418.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Reyna, V.F. and Farley, F. (2006). Risk and rationality in adolescent decision making: Implications for theory, practice, and public policy. Psychological Science in the Public Interest 7(1): 1-44.

Download reference:

Rivis, A. and Sheeran, P. (2003). Social influences and the theory of planned behaviour: Evidence for a direct relationship between prototypes and young people's exercise behaviour. Psychology and Health 18(5): 567-583.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Schifter, D.E. and Ajzen, I. (1985). Intention, perceived control, and weight loss: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 49(3): 843-851.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Schoen, R., Astone, N.M., Kim, Y.J., Nathanson, C.A., and Fields, J.M. (1999). Do fertility intentions affect fertility behavior? Journal of Marriage and the Family 61(3): 790-799.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Schulze, R. and Wittmann, W.W. (2003). A meta-analysis of the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior: The principle of compatibility and multidimensionality of beliefs as moderators. In: Schulze, R., Holling, H., and Böhning, D. (eds.). Meta-analysis: New developments and applications in medical and social sciences. Cambridge, USA: Hogrefe and Huber Publishers: 219-250.

Download reference:

Sheeran, P. (2002). Intention-behavior relations: A conceptual and empirical review. European Review of Social Psychology 12(1): 1-36.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Sheppard, B.H., Hartwick, J., and Warshaw, P.R. (1988). The theory of reasoned action: A meta-analysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research. Journal of Consumer Research 15(3): 325-343.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Sobotka, T. (2004). Is lowest-low fertility in Europe explained by postponement of childbearing? Population and Development Review 30(2): 195-200.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Thévenon, O. (2011). Family policies in OECD countries: A comparative analysis. Population and Development Review 37(1): 57-87.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Thomson, E. (1997). Couple childbearing desires, intentions, and births. Demography 34(3): 343-354.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Udry, J.R. (1983). Do couples make fertility plans one birth at a time? Demography 20(2): 117-128.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Ventura, S.J., Curtin, S.C., Abma, J.C., and Henshaw, S.K. (2012). Estimated pregnancy rates and rates of pregnancy outcomes for the United States, 1990-2008. National Vital Statistics Reports 60(7): 1-21.

Download reference:

Vikat, A., Beets, G., Billari, F.C., Bühler, C., Corijn, M., Désesquelles, A., Fokkema, T., MacDonald, A.L., Neyer, G., Pailhé, A., Pinnelli, A., Solaz, A., and Spéder, Z. (2005). Wave 1 questionnaire. In: Nations, United (ed.). Generations and Gender Programme: Survey Instruments. New York, Geneva: United Nations: 35-113.

Download reference:

Vinokur-Kaplan, D. (1978). To have – or not to have – another child: Family planning attitudes, intentions, and behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 8(1): 29-46.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Webb, T.L., Joseph, J., Yardley, L., and Michie, S. (2010). Using the internet to promote health behavior change: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of theoretical basis, use of behavior change techniques, and mode of delivery on efficacy. Journal of Medical Internet Research 12(1): 1-27.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Webb, T.L. and Sheeran, P. (2006). Does changing behavioral intentions engender behavior change? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence. Psychological Bulletin 132(2): 249-268.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Westoff, C.F., Mishler, E.G., and Kelly, E.L. (1957). Preferences in size of family and eventual fertility twenty years after. American Journal of Sociology 62(5): 491-497.

Weblink:
Download reference:

World Bank (2008). World Development Indicators: GDP per capita (current US$) 2005 [electronic sorce]. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

Weblink:
Download reference:

Back to the article