Volume 21 - Article 21 | Pages 627–646
Social inequality and HIV-testing: Comparing home- and clinic-based testing in rural Malawi
| Date received: | 20 Jan 2009 |
| Date published: | 30 Oct 2009 |
| Word count: | 2861 |
| Keywords: | HIV/AIDS, home-based testing, inequality, Malawi |
| DOI: | 10.4054/DemRes.2009.21.21 |
Abstract
The plan to increase HIV testing is a cornerstone of the international health strategy against the HIV/AIDS epidemic, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper highlights a problematic aspect of that plan: the reliance on clinic- rather than home-based testing. First, drawing on DHS data from across Africa, we demonstrate the substantial differences in socio-demographic and economic profiles between those who report having ever had an HIV test, and those who report never having had one. Then, using data from a random household survey in rural Malawi, we show that substituting home-based for clinic-based testing may eliminate this source of inequality between those tested and those not tested. This result, which is stable across modeling frameworks, has important implications for accurately and equitably addressing the counseling and treatment programs that comprise the international health strategy against AIDS, and that promise to shape the future trajectory of the epidemic in Africa and beyond.
Author's Affiliation
Alexander A. Weinreb - University of Texas at Austin, United States of America
Guy Stecklov - University of British Columbia, Canada
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