Volume 31 - Article 44 | Pages 1311–1336
Ageing dynamics of a human-capital-specific population: A demographic perspective
| Date received: | 12 Mar 2014 |
| Date published: | 03 Dec 2014 |
| Word count: | 8000 |
| Keywords: | aging, educational attainment, human capital, old-age dependency ratio, pensions, projections |
| DOI: | 10.4054/DemRes.2014.31.44 |
Abstract
Background: Research on how rising human capital affects the consequences of population ageing rarely considers the fact that the human capital of the elderly population is composed in a specific way that is shaped by their earlier schooling and work experience. For an elderly population of a fixed size and age-sex composition, this entails that the higher its human capital, the greater the total amount of public pensions to be paid.
Objective: The main purpose of this paper is to analyse the link between human capital and retiree benefits and its effect on population ageing from a demographic viewpoint.
Methods: We construct an old age dependency ratio (OADR), in which each person, whether in the numerator or the denominator, is assigned the number of units corresponding to his/her level of human capital. Based on data for Italy, we study the dynamics of this human-capital-specific OADR with the help of multistate population projections to 2107.
Results: Our results show that under specific conditions a constant or moderately growing human capital may aggravate the consequences of population ageing rather than alleviate them.
Conclusions: With those findings, the authors would like to stimulate the debate on the search for demographic and/or socio-economic solutions to the challenges posed by population ageing.
Author's Affiliation
Dimiter Philipov - Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, University of Vienna), Austria
Anne Goujon - Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, University of Vienna), Austria
Paola Di Giulio - Vienna Institute of Demography (Austrian Academy of Sciences), Austria
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