The supplemental archive contains one R file. 
The file presents the functions and data allowing the replicability of the analysis of the article.
The data can directly be extracted from the Human Mortality Database (HMD) using the R program.

The R version used: R version 3.6.0 (2019-04-26).

The data used: observed (non-smoothed) death rates, death counts and exposures, 
	extracted from the HMD (2019) with the hmd.mx() function in the demography R package.

The populations: An example is given for Australian females in the R program. 
	The results can be replicated for other countries by changing the country code in the hmd.mx() function.
	The results can be replicated for males by replacing data$pop$female and data$rate$female 
	by data$pop$male and data$rate$male on lines 36 and 39 of the R program. 
	In the article, we compare 18 regions\country for both sexes:
	Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Denmark (DNK), Finland (FIN), France (FRATNP), East Germany (DEUTE), 
	West Germany (DEUTW), Ireland (IRL), Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), the Netherlands (NLD), Norway (NOR), 
	Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), United Kingdom (GBR_NP) and the United States (USA).


The steps to replicate the results are :

1) Open the R file,

2) Install and open the libraries listed at the beginning of the R file,

3) To have access to the data, the user has to be registered on the Human Mortality Database website.

4) In the data section, enter your HMD username and password in the hmd.mx() function. 
	data<-hmd.mx("AUS", "your username", "your password")

5) Run the rest of the code.