Improving estimates of the prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting among migrants in Western countries

Livia Ortensi; Patrizia Farina; Alessio Menonna

doi:10.4054/DemRes.2015.32.18

Volume 32 - Article 18 | Pages 543–562

Improving estimates of the prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting among migrants in Western countries

By Livia Ortensi, Patrizia Farina, Alessio Menonna

Date received:

6 May 2014

Date published:

20 Feb 2015

Word count:

4079

Keywords:

female genital cutting, migration, sexual and reproductive health

DOI:

10.4054/DemRes.2015.32.18

Replicable Material:

demographic-research.32-18 (zip file, 51 kB)
readme.32-18 (text file, 424 Byte)

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Abstract

Background: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is an emerging topic in immigrant countries as a consequence of the increasing proportion of African women in overseas communities.

Objective: While the prevalence of FGM/C is routinely measured in practicing countries, the prevalence of the phenomenon in western countries is substantially unknown, as no standardized methods exist yet for immigrant countries. The aim of this paper is to present an improved method of indirect estimation of the prevalence of FGM/C among first generation migrants based on a migrant selection hypothesis. A criterion to assess reliability of indirect estimates is also provided.

Methods: The method is based on data from Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS). Migrants’ Selection Hypothesis is used to correct national prevalence estimates and obtain an improved estimation of prevalence among overseas communities.

Results: The application of the selection hypothesis modifies national estimates, usually predicting a lower occurrence of FGM/C among immigrants than in their respective practicing countries. A comparison of direct and indirect estimations confirms that the method correctly predicts the direction of the variation in the expected prevalence and satisfactorily approximates direct estimates.

Conclusions: Given its wide applicability, this method would be a useful instrument to estimate FGM/C occurrence among first generation immigrants and provide corresponding support for policies in countries where information from ad hoc surveys is unavailable.

Author's Affiliation

Livia Ortensi - Università di Bologna (UNIBO), Italy EMAIL
Patrizia Farina - Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Italy EMAIL
Alessio Menonna - Fondazione per le Iniziative e lo Studio sulla multietnicità (ISMU), Italy EMAIL