Volume 41 - Article 36 | Pages 1047–1058  

Mortality convergence of twins and singletons in sub-Saharan Africa

By Roland Pongou, David Shapiro, Michel Tenikue

Abstract

Background: While there is a substantial amount of literature documenting that twins have higher mortality than singletons, that literature does not address the questions of whether this disadvantage of twins eventually disappears and if so, at what age.

Objective: This paper seeks to determine if there is convergence of mortality of twins and singletons and if so, to determine the age at which convergence takes place. We also examine how twin–singleton mortality differences have changed across successive cohorts.

Methods: We use data on more than 3 million live births from 99 Demographic and Health Surveys carried out between 1990 and 2013 in 34 different countries in sub-Saharan Africa to examine age-specific mortality of twins and singletons, by month for the first year of life and by year up to age 25.

Results: We find that mortality of twins is considerably higher than that of singletons in the first year of life, and especially in the first month. As children age, a narrowing of the mortality difference occurs, with convergence taking place by age 6. Over time, mortality of both twins and singletons has declined, but the disadvantage of twins has persisted.

Conclusions: The mortality disadvantage of twins compared to singletons eventually disappears as they age.

Contribution: This study documents that in sub-Saharan Africa, there is convergence of mortality of twins and singletons and that this convergence takes place by the age of 6.

Author’s Affiliation

• Roland Pongou - University of Ottawa, Canada EMAIL
• David Shapiro - Pennsylvania State University, United States of America EMAIL
• Michel Tenikue - Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Luxembourg EMAIL

Other articles by the same author/authors in Demographic Research

Women’s education, infant and child mortality, and fertility decline in urban and rural sub-Saharan Africa
Volume 37 - Article 21

On the pace of fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa
Volume 37 - Article 40

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